The Role of the Government in Reducing Poverty Essay

Introduction In 1986, President Ronald Reagan issued the pithiest expression of the modern American political conservative credo when he told a Chicago audience, â€Å"Ive always felt that the nine most terrifying words in the English language are Im from the government, and Im here to help.†1 While the current Republican administration is hardly an embodiment of this sentiment (President Bush has overseen the largest inflation-adjusted increase in federal spending since the Johnson Administration2), conservatives, at least in principle, believe in the notion of â€Å"small government† when it comes to social programs: less welfare, less federal control of education and Social Security privatization, among other proposals. The†¦show more content†¦All too often in our highly partisan political atmosphere, politicians impute nefarious motives to their opponents rather than critique the intellectual arguments that are presented in contention. This sophistry does no one in our country – especially the poverty-stricken – any good. For the purposes of this paper, therefore, I will assume that those with whom I disagree have the best intentions and that the source of disagreement lies with the different methods we advocate as most appropriate in trying to reach these ends. Poverty, Not Inequality Democratic Socialist nations (an appellation which categorizes much of Western Europe, for example) provide an extensive safety net to ensure a basic standard of living for every citizen. No doubt, there are serious trade-offs in a democratic state’s decision to undertake socialist programs, not limited to high unemployment, workplace inefficiency, unwieldy labor union power and extremely high taxes on the most successful workers. My own political sympathies and life experiences place me in general opposition to socialist policies. Yet few reasonable observers would argue that democratic socialist societies are cruelly repressive because of their socialist nature (I stress the democratic aspect of socialism, for if the state wereShow MoreRelatedPoverty Between The Rich And The Poor993 Words   |  4 Pagespeople’s living standards is below the poverty line, without access to essential resources such as food, health care or education. Poverty, which is a multi-facet phenomenon in today’s globalised world, is rooted in several causes and there are also multiple ways to eliminate it. This paper will discuss two main factors that cause poverty in developing countries, including overpopulation and corruption. It then suggests possible solutions to eradicate poverty, which include controlling populationRead MoreGender Roles And Gende r Inequality1576 Words   |  7 Pages2010). 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So to overcome the burning issue of Aboriginal people, some government and non-government policies must be introduce and implemented. Empowerment through health education and awareness to the Aboriginal people; especially women, reduction of poverty must be done. And eliminating discrimination and bringing health equality to overcome these causes. The first argument for improving the maternal and childRead MoreBangladesh Is On The Right Track1233 Words   |  5 PagesSystems – Section H October 16, 2015 Bangladesh is on The Right Track Bangladesh, the eight most populated country in the world has been plagued by poverty for a long time. In the year 2000, the United Nations created the Millennium Development Goals, the purpose was to decrease extreme poverty by 2015. Thus, when Goal 1; eradicating extreme poverty and hunger was included in the project, Bangladesh was targeted as the country is overpopulated and has a high rate of unemployment. A considerable numberRead MoreA Low And Stable Inflation Rate880 Words   |  4 Pagesand the like to be shipped to these areas to help cater for the poor standard of living. In several discussions on how to alleviate poverty, it’s always been a question of empowering the locals to confront their problems, even though the execution has always been left for criticism. However, being able to achieve and sustain a reliable economy that alleviates poverty in these localities should be hinged on the implementation of effective and realistic policies, which mitigates the pr oblem from theRead Morerural livelihood1375 Words   |  6 Pages : 2 ASSIGNMENT : Seven QUESTION : Discuss the role of government in promoting socio-economics of rural livelihood DUE DATE : 7 September 2013 DATE SUBMITTED: 2 September 2013 Government has a role to play in as far as promoting socio-economic for rural livelihood as the government is there for the people and it has to do anything possible for its people to live better life, government can promote socio-economic for rural livelihood through the implementationRead MoreStroke In Nicaraguaagua Case Study851 Words   |  4 Pagesof stroke in Nicaragua, it is important to ensure that political action strate-gies are in place to help reduce IHDs in the population, such as more government policy to in-crease early screening interventions by health care professionals can go a long way to assess people’s risk at an early age. Likewise, specific policies that help minimize poverty in Nicara-gua and address the hindrances to accessible and affordable health care services in low and middle income countries globally can reduce theRead MoreTo What Extent Do Democracies Affect A Nation s Poverty?1578 Words   |  7 Pages To what extent do democracies affect a nation’s poverty? My question was inspired by the article â€Å" The Life of the Peasants†. This article informs readers how bad the conditions were for peasants and the detrimental impacts that occurred on the peasants. Poverty is a serious topic that needs to be re-evaluated and analyzed some more. â€Å"Globally, about 21,000 people die every day of hunger or hunger-related causes†, according to the United Nations. This is one person every four seconds and unfortunately

Privacy The Legal, Legitimate Government Of A State And...

There is a myriad of systems of government de jure across the globe, that is, â€Å"the legal, legitimate government of a state and is so recognized by other states† (USLegal, 2001). Governments are different, equally, laws from country to country; legislators in diverse countries have diverse written laws. Consequently, privacy doctrines are generally dissimilar: â€Å"what it is, how it should be protected, and how much it should be respected by law enforcement personnel† (UMUC, n.d.). In the United States (U.S.), laws regarding privacy are plentiful: we have hundreds of laws with regard to privacy: Criminal laws, privacy tort laws, regulations, policies, federal statutes, etc. Similarly, each state has its own laws, regulations, and†¦show more content†¦Likewise, guarding that personal information is rapidly gaining increasing significance. There is a need for the establishment and implementation of information privacy laws and standards to protect, such as social security numbers, home addresses, and health records. Fast food restaurants collect such privacy information in order to learn about their customer’s behaviors, for example, who orders what menu items, at what times of day, and from what particular franchise location. Likewise, when creating marketing strategies, these restaurants are able to better target customers with ads and commercials that better wet appetites. On the surface, this may seem legitimate, but weighty issues such as consent to acquiring this personal information cannot be implied by circumstances rather than giving an individual the freedom of choosing to consent. McDonald’s, Burger King, and Wendy’s International McDonald’s. Ray Kroc proposed an idea to two self-service restaurant owner brothers, Dick and Mac MacDonald, in San Bernardino, California (Hess, 1986). He later devised â€Å"The McDonald’s System, Inc.,† (The Ray Kroc Story, n.d.) a plan to open McDonald’s restaurants across the United States celebrated for their making food that was â€Å"of consistently high quality and uniform methods of preparation† (The Ray Kroc Story, n.d.) quickly available to their customers. His train of thought was to have ordinary people and merchants buy into the business by

Marketing Principles for Price and Promotion - myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theMarketing Principles for Price, Place and Promotion. Answer: Marketing mix for tiger beer Any product that is introduced in the market such the tiger beer needs a proper strategy that will help it penetrate the market. Even products already selling need to maintain the customers as well as keep expanding the market share, for this reason, a proper marketing mix need to be put in place. According to Broden, it is the ingredients that when combined capture and promote a brand or a products unique selling points, those that differentiate it from the competitors (Blythe, 2009). The mix comprises of Product, Price, Place, and promotion. These aspects are explained well in the following section using Tiger beer as the reference product. Product It is the good or the service that is fulfilling a specific want of the consumer. In this case, tiger beer is the product that is quenching the thirst of its consumers. Tiger beer must have a unique taste which is different from other beer. This constitutes its brand. It is the unique feature of the product different from the competitors brand. For example, the foam that appears on pouring the beer in a glass can have a unique scent which is attractive and customers can relate the beer with the scent. It should also be properly labeled and packaged such that a customer can be able to recognize it amidst many other products of the same kind. The aim is to help its consumers to easily note it. The beer can have for example a certain shape of the bottle carrying it or a striking color of the label. Place Refers to where the customers will find the beer when they need to purchase it. It involves the proper distribution channels the will ensure any time the customer need the beer they can access it and at the same time avoid flooding the market (Dominici, 2009). The company can establish depots throughout the country which will act as its warehouses to avail the product to both the wholesalers and retailers when they need it. The company can as well be receiving direct orders from the customers and thus make doorstep delivery. In addition, the company can employ distributors who will be going in the fields to directly deliver the beer in bars and potential customers. Price The value of the product to the customer is considered in monetary terms. The company should set a price that is proportional to the value that the customer will gain from the product and at the same time allow continuity and sustainability of the product in the market. Factors such as the competitors pricing strategy and the discounts are considered (Kotler, 2000). Odd pricing strategy, for example, can be adopted where for example the price can be set at one unit less than that of the competitors. Promotion It refers to the methods through which the customers shall be reached. It is the means that can be used to create awareness, remind the customers a well as inform them (McLean, 2002). A good promotional mix ought to be used which will make tiger beer outstanding. For example, the company can print t-shirts that can be given to the bar attendants in addition to the print and electronic media promotions. Also, the beer can sponsor a football match and in the process awareness of the product is made while still engaging in corporate social responsibility. References Blythe, Jim (2009).Key Concepts in Marketing. Los Angeles: SAGE Publications Ltd. Dominici, G (2009),"From Marketing Mix to E-Marketing Mix: A Literature Review,"International Journal of Business and Management, vol. 9, no. 4, pp 17-24 Kotler, P (2009)., Marketing Management, (Millennium Edition), Custom Edition for University of Pheonix, Prentice Hall, p. 9 McLean, R. (October 19, 2002). The 4 C's versus the 4 Ps of marketing. Custom Fit Online.Retrieved fromhttps://www.customfitonline.com/news/2012/10/19/4-cs-versus-the-4-ps-of-marketing/

Song for the Old Ones Essay Example

Song for the Old Ones Paper In the poem Song for the Old Ones Maya Angelou explores (QUESTION) by using the development of theme and the technique of imagery. Within this Maya Angelou poem she convincingly portrays the idea that her ancestors sacrificed themselves and accepted their oppression to keep their race alive: as she says they kept my race alive. Also the poem explores the different views of slavery. Angelous view on the subject is that her ancestors were extremely brave and she thanks them for enduring their hardships rather than pitying them as most people do. I think this indicates how convincing Angelous treatment of the subject slavery is because she is not frightened to express her own views and this emphasises what a serious subject it is. Another idea, depicted in the poem is the thought that Black slaves kept America afloat within the different industries and I feel if it were not for them, America would not be the success it is today; this is indicated in the poem by the lines Its our submission that makes the world go round. Throughout the poem Song for the Old Ones, I found there to be three strong themes oppression, slavery and sacrifice. Oppression is an issue which Maya Angelou describes in most of her poetry as well as this particular piece. She successfully portrays oppression by using effective word-choice such as Theyve laughed to shield their crying then shuffled through their dreams. This quotation shows that as Blacks were enslaved they will obviously have experienced a form of oppression; however, Angelou describes this oppression as being the worst kind a kind that steals your dreams. We will write a custom essay sample on Song for the Old Ones specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Song for the Old Ones specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Song for the Old Ones specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer I feel this quotation has a great impact upon the poem as most people say no matter how unhappy you are, you will always have your dreams but Angelous ancestors did not even have those. The second theme within this poem is slavery. Slavery is the subject of this poem and one which Angelou deals with strongly. Throughout the poem she refers to the hardships her ancestors endured such as the chains and slaverys coffles, which effectively describes the slaves conditions. This particular quotation describes how the Black slaves were linked together while working and moving. The third theme is sacrifice. Within the poem Angelou speaks of her point of view on her ancestors slavery. The quotation that shred my fact and sound, is the line Angelou uses to express her views. She feels that people who are sympathetic towards the slaves lives are only touching the surface of the reasons why her ancestors sacrificed themselves. Angelou believes she should thank them, not sympathise with her ancestors because she understands why they sacrificed themselves, they kept my race alive. Maya Angelou uses imagery throughout the poem Song for the Old Ones to heighten the impressions the reader is given of slavery and oppression while reading the poem. The following metaphor, I feel gives the impression of long-lasting effects of slavery, even after it has ended the slats leave dents of darkness. This is an appropriate quotation that proves what I felt previously because as you become older, dents pressed into your skin while sitting on a bench stay for longer periods of time which indicates that the emotional and physical scars of slavery will stay with them forever. Within the poem there is one simile they nod like broken candles; this simile describes how a Black slaves spirit was broken because of the oppression they faced. I think Maya Angelous word-choice within this simile gives a simple comparison which allows a reader to understand a serious subject because the words Broken candles portrays a simple image and when candles are worn down, they break and are no longer of great use; which is how the Black slaves were treated. When they became overworked and burnt out they were replaced just like a candle would be. Also, this simile creates the visual image of old men with bent backs because the candles referred to in the poem were held together only by the wick and conveying the impression of the slaves being worked until they broke. Thirdly, throughout the times when Blacks were and still are being oppressed, their means of conveying pain was to write songs called the blues. Usually this type of music is relaxed and that is why the following quotation is so hard-hitting to write the blues with screams. The use of the word screams shows exactly how much suffering Blacks have faced and because they had been quiet for so long the pain had built-up and then developed into screams. In conclusion, within this analysis of Song for the Old Ones, I have explored (QUESTION) through Maya Angelous eyes. Angelou treats the subject of her ancestors slavery with great pride and she writes from her heart with her true thoughts and feelings coming through in the poem. This is why I find the treatment of this subject so convincing. Throughout this essay I have referred to the poem to describe the themes and use of imagery Angelou uses to create this feeling of oppression and times of endurance. I feel Angelou has successfully explored (QUESTION) within this poem by referring to past oppression which Blacks had encountered.

Harris Seafood Essays

Harris Seafood Essays Harris Seafood Paper Harris Seafood Paper | |Harris Seafoods Inc. | Memorandum To:Mr. Charlie Harris II, CEO From:student 103 CC:Professor Date:11/22/11 Subject:Harris Seafoods Inc. : Processing Plant Project Analysis and Recommendation Your immediate attention is requested. We would like to take this opportunity to discuss our team valuation of accepting Processing Plant Project. We value that Harris Seafoods has evolved into one of the largest producers of frozen shrimp in the United States. We are impressed by company’s remarkable high return on equity of 39% after-tax. Our analysis of the Processing Plant Project will help you make a well informed decision and additionally, it will provide an action-oriented recommendation. We will first identify key issues and risk involved followed by financial support of the project. Our analysis is supported with financial measures of NPV, IRR, CAPM theory and WACC to illustrate if accepting Processing Plant Project would provide acceptable required rate of return for Harris Seafoods. Key Issues and Risk: The processing Plant proposal would allow Harris Seafoods to seize the opportunity to expand into shrimp production and sales while utilizing its resources effectively. The expansion in shrimp processing facility would permit the company to grow in terms of return on investment. However, we would like to highlight various risk exposed to Harris Seafoods Inc by accepting the project. We believe that by accepting the project would affect Harris Seafoods high return on shareholder’s equity. Issues in Shrimp Industry: : The Shrimp Industry appears to be uncertain in terms of shrimp supply. The shrimp beds in the waters off Texas and Mexico were over fished, resulting in it becoming increasingly difficult to find shrimp as stated on page two. It exposes Harris Seafoods to the risk of shortage in shrimp supply. The price of shrimp is determined by the size, the value of the catch and production levels are beyond management’s control. The price risk is vital to consider. The demand for shrimp is affected by the cyclical swings due to changes in the economy which also impact prices. As a result, the changes in supply leads to an increase in shrimp imports into the US since foreign competitors tend to have lower costs than fisherman within the US. Another major issue is the unpredictable shrimp supply. The supply of shrimps is risky due to the danger of being destroyed from oils spills from offshore drilling activity. Harris Seafoods also faces an existing threat with territorial limitations since most countries of the world have established 200-mile boundaries, as a result it limits the number of overseas boats allowed to fish in boundaries areas. One more issue and risk to consider is fluctuating and irrepressible cost of fuel expense for operating of boats and equipments. The Processing Plant Project: The processing plant proposal seem attractive and if Harris Seafoods decides to expand its operations in shrimp processing, the project will cost $7 million and can be completed by the first quarter of 1981. However, we encourage Harris Seafoods to consider if accepting the processing plant would meet Harris Seafoods required rate of return on shareholder’s equity. Using WACC, we determined discount rate of 15% 20%, the discount rate that company is expected to pay for all its bonds and stockholders to finance its assets. Using the long-term government bond as a bench mark, we concluded that risk free rate, an acceptable required rate of return, to be above 13. 521%. The inputs for WACC were 30% debt to a 48% tax rate which concluded to be 15%. Please note that 39% required rate of return from Harris Seafoods is very high and not common. Therefore, we feel that 18% rate of return is acceptable using CAPM. We calculated Required Rate of Return by using Capital Asset Pricing Models with inputs of treasury long-term government bonds (9. 44%), return on equity- all US manufacturing companies (16. 3%), and Harris Seafood’s beta (1. 25). Please be advised that 1. 25 beta for Harris Seafoods equity, but we acknowledge that true beta of the project is uncertain because of finding a market portfolio with similar risk is hard to find. In addition, the Return on Equity at 15%, we took the discount rate and applied it to the Free Cash Flows to get a Net Present Value. The Internal Rate of Return of the project was 15%. To compensate Harris Seafoods for the opportunity cost and risk of not investing in lowest required rate of return plus risk premium for individual’s required rate of return, we will use WACC of Harris Seafoods. Our Recommendation: We recommend based on economical analysis determines that accepting processing plant project is not viable to meet the minimum required rate of return set by the Harris Seafood Inc. for shareholder’s equity. Your concerned about accepting this project would reduce the company’s high rate of return on invested capital is absolutely correct after this analysis. The Free Cash Flow provides a possible scenario of receiving certain principle and interest payments that Harris may receive. Please be advised that our Cash Flow projects and forecast provides great uncertainty, consequently we compensate that uncertainty with the discount rate of 15%, the higher discount rate resulted in lower present value which means our project will be worth less. Please keep in mind that a negative NPV does not ultimately define poor investment, but rather, from an economic perspective a negative NPV signifies the investment will not return the expected required rate of return or neither will it compensate for opportunity cost missed as an investment elsewhere. Our Free Cash Flows concludes that Harris Seafoods would experience negative Free Cash Flow in 1980 of $10,035. 00 and continues to experience negative free cash flow for following years up to 1986, which results in negative present value. However, 1981 Harris Seafoods took a tax credit in the amount of $650,000 that declined present value for the years. We don’t recommend investing in the Shrimp Processing Plant because of the tax incentives offered by Brownsville, Texas. We also suggest Harris Seafoods to consider industry (supply and demand) risk, oil price risk, cycle risk, import and export risk, weather risk, and operating (oil-spill risk and storage cost) risk. Harris Seafoods has been successful, profitable, and maintained a high required rate of return. Although, we recognize by diversifying business risk by investing in processing industry would allow Harris Seafoods expand in business operations. In addition, we highly want Harris Seafoods to contemplate the critical risk factors of supply, demand, and price of Shrimp. We hope this analysis and recommendation is adequate. If you have any question, please free to contact any of our team members.

Ethical Egoism Essay Sample

Ethical Egoism Essay Sample Ethical Egoism Essay Ethical egoism is the view that each of us ought to pursue self-interest, and it is our own obligation to promote self-interest. In other words, one shall not act for the good of others, but for the benefit of oneself. It may be, however, for the good of others also, but doing the act is for the best interest of the doer. Basically, in simplest terms, the actions done by a person is for boosting his/her ego, no matter what kind of action it is. Under this view, it is moral to do such. There are, however, conflicting views with regard to ethical egoism. Morality depends on the customs, traditions, and laws where a person is domiciled. One’s action is dictated basically by the society. There are, however, other views that a person, by its nature, is good or bad. Nonetheless, it boils down to the customary of a society – it is always dictated. So for an action to be ethical, it must be within the standards of the customs. Because the person acts within the standards of morality dictated by the society, he/she will feel good about it. However, this actually depends on the action – whether it is an overt or covert act. If it is an overt act, it also depends whether the action is known by the society; that is, by donating blood in a drive or when killing a person and there is a clear evidence that will put the doer into incarceration. The act must be seen by the society, where it will be judged as moral. Then, it will be reciprocated by an ego boost. Otherwise, the act may be immoral yet still boosting one’s ego. There are however other people who choose a covert act, yet still the act is within the moral standards of the society. An example of ethical egoism is running for the highest position in the elections. The benefit depends on the doer. To win the election, one has to act accordingly to the morals of the society. When the candidate wins the election, he has to also fulfill his duties to his people. He only does this because running for election and winning the same actually makes the person feel good about it. It is for his self-interest because the position gives him the boost of his ego and the validation of the people makes him feel good. There is, however, a problem, when the person may seem to act well in front of the people yet is illegally trying to win over the hearts of the people: by cheating and killing people. The candidate still acts for his own benefit, but does he act morally? Maybe yes, maybe not. Another issue with regard to ethical egoism is the conflict of interest of two individuals. If two people share the same interest, how should this be resolved? Some philosophers that the resolution is to â€Å"might is right.† This means that the stronger gets to possess the benefit above the weaker one. There are however those who argue that the benefit must be shared by the two individuals. This raises the question of what are the standards dictated by the society. This view in simplest terms means one person will act only because it feels good. If the action does not feel good, one will not do the act. So, whether or not the action is moral within the dictates of the society does not matter in this case. As long as the action will benefit the person, it is moral. As most philosophers may argue, free will is the end all and be all of the actions of a person.

The effect of demographics and personality on investment choice among Essay

The effect of demographics and personality on investment choice among UK investors - Essay Example Many studies have been undertaken across the world by scholars as well as academicians in the field of behavioral finance to explore what all psychological and demographic factors affect personal investment decisions and choice among alternatives. The study entitled "Risk Taking and Problem Context in the Domain of Losses: An Expected Utility Analysis" by John C. Hershey and Schoemaker in 1980 observes that women investors are more risk averse than men as regards gamble is concerned (Hershey 1980). Another popular study on the gender practices of investing; the researchers remark that both men and women are equally successful in investment decisions and there found no significance difference in investment decisions between male and female groups (Hudgen 1985). In an empirical study among men and women investors in auctions and lotteries undertaken by W. V Harlow and Keith Brown document that men prefer to take more risk than women as regards lottery and auction investments are concer ned (Harlow 1990). In another significant study on investment behaviour among individual investors considering their income level William Riley and K Victor Chow attempt to remark that "relative risk aversion decreases as one rises above the poverty level and decreases significantly for the very wealthy. It also decreases with age-but only up to a point. After age 65 (retirement), risk aversion increases with age" (Riley 1992). However, the authors speculate that "education, income and wealth are all highly correlated, so the relationship may be a function of wealth rather than education" (Riley 1992). In a research paper entitled "Gender Differences in Risk Behavior in Financial-Decision-Making: An Experimental Analysis", it is found that regardless of familiarity and framing, costs or ambiguity, women prefer investments with lower risk than moderate and high risk investments avenues (Powell 1997) . The main contention of the study of N. Jianakoplos and Bernasek in 1998 is that wom en are likely to exhibit more risk aversion characteristics than men when it comes to investment in defined contribution pension assets (Jianakoplos 1998). In the paper "Gender Differences in Risk Taking: A Meta-analysis", the authors conclude that women would like to take less risk than men (Brynes 1999). Schooley Diane K and Debra Drecnik Worden in their study in 2003 document that educated investors, especially those having education higher than secondary level tend to part their hard earned money in risky portfolios (Schooley 2003). The paper also finds that age and proportion of equity holding are positively correlated. In an interesting and popular study entitled "Risk Aversion and Personality Type" by G. Filbeck, Hatfield P. and Horvath P. in 2005, the authors conclude that the relation between personality type and individual ex ante EUT risk tolerance is non-linear in form (Filbeck 2005). Reviewing the aforementioned studies and papers, the present study attempts to explore the effect of demographic and personality traits on individual investment decision